现代城市韧性日益受到多模态交通网络系统性风险的挑战，局部扰动可能蔓延并损害系统功能。现有研究已在成对拓扑结构、静态韧性评估及高阶建模方面取得进展，但静态结构能否预测由过载驱动的级联后果仍不明确。

Modern urban resilience is increasingly challenged by systemic risk in multimodal transport networks, where localized disruptions can spread and impair functionality. Existing studies have advanced pairwise topology, static resilience assessment and higher order modelling, but it remains unclear whether static structure can predict overload driven cascade outcomes.