漫步于巴塞罗那海滨，海岸线似乎自古便已存在：沙滩、棕榈树、长长的步道、餐厅、商店和现代酒店。然而现实并非如此。直到20世纪80年代，巴塞罗那的海岸线仍是一道由铁路线、工厂和非正式住房构成的作业屏障，废水直接排入地中海。自1987年起，巴塞罗那持续建设大型步道和城市与海洋之间的通道，营造出如今许多人误以为原本空旷的环境。这实际上是数十年基础设施与社会复杂性演变的结果，也是市政当局致力于改造城市领土及其与水关系努力的体现。追溯这一转型过程引出了三个核心问题，构成了本文的框架：为了开放滨海地带，谁被迁移？如今由谁治理？又由谁维持其运转？

As one walks along the beachfront of Barcelona , the shoreline feels like it has always been there: sand, palm trees, a long promenade, restaurants, shops and modern hotels, when the reality is that it has not always been this way. Until the 1980s, Barcelona 's seafront was a working barrier of railway lines, factories and informal housing, and wastewater ran straight into the Mediterranean. Starting in 1987, Barcelona has continuously created large promenades and passages between the city and the sea, creating an environment that today many might read as previously empty space, but is actually the result of decades of infrastructure and social complexity, along with a municipal effort to transform the city's territory and its relationship to the water. Following that transformation raises three questions that frame this article: who was displaced to open the waterfront, who governs it today, and who keeps it standing?