联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）警告：‘到2050年，全球几乎所有儿童——近22亿名儿童——将频繁暴露于热浪之中。’这一警示常被解读为公共卫生预测，但同时也向建筑学及城市建造方式提出了挑战。随着极端高温在亚洲、欧洲及其他地区加剧，热舒适性不应仅被简化为依赖机械设备提供的室内服务。空调已成为许多城市的维生系统，尤其在人口稠密、湿度高且快速城市化的区域。然而，将其作为默认解决方案，实则是将热量视为可简单转移至他处（并在转移过程中产生额外热量）的物质——从室内排出至街道、服务巷道、能源网络及大气中。其规模扩张不仅推高能源需求、产生废热，更加剧了热舒适资源获取的不平等。

"By 2050, almost every child in the world — nearly 2.2 billion children — will be exposed to frequent heat waves." UNICEF's warning is often read as a public health forecast, but it is also a challenge to architecture and the way cities are built. As extreme heat intensifies across Asia, Europe, and beyond , thermal comfort should not be reduced to merely an indoor service delivered by machines. Air-conditioning has become a life-support system for many cities, especially in dense, humid, and rapidly urbanizing regions. Yet to rely on it as the default answer is to treat heat as something that can simply be moved elsewhere (and in the process generating extra heat) — expelled from interiors into streets , service alleys, energy grids, and the atmosphere . Its expansion increases energy demand, produces waste heat, and reinforces unequal access to comfort.