该数据集提供了2022–2026年间欧洲E级道路（即OpenStreetMap中标注为e-road的高速公路、主干道、一级与二级道路）上单个车辆的速度观测值。速度信息源自哥白尼计划Sentinel-2 Level-2A级光学卫星影像，通过一套处理流程提取：该流程利用Sentinel-2推扫式成像仪蓝波段（B02_10m）、绿波段（B03_10m）和红波段（B04_10m）之间短且精确已知的采集时间延迟。移动车辆在三个波段影像中呈现略微偏移的位置，形成一种‘运动回波’。检测到的各波段强度峰值经预测与匹配程序关联，生成单车轨迹。所得像素位移结合公开可获取的波段间时间延迟，换算为地表速度。每条记录包含轨迹几何信息、各通道位移与航向角、内部质量指标、估计速度、影像获取时间戳以及源Sentinel-2产品标识符。数据集以GeoPackage格式分发，每条记录对应一个被检测车辆，可支撑交通模式分析、车速行为研究、交通建模及大陆尺度路网属性校准等应用。

The dataset provides individual vehicle speed observations on European E-roads: motorways, trunk roads, primary and secondary roads, as tagged in OpenStreetMap as e-road, for the years 2022-2026. Speeds are derived from Copernicus Sentinel-2 Level-2A satellite optical imagery using a processing pipeline that exploits the short, well-characterized acquisition delays between the blue (B02_10m), green (B03_10m), and red bands (B04_10m) of the Sentinel-2 push-broom instrument. A moving vehicle appears at slightly displaced positions in the three bands, forming a moving echo. The detected displaced intensity peaks are linked into per-vehicle trajectories through a prediction-and-matching procedure. The resulting displacements are converted into ground speeds using publicly accessible inter-band time delays. Each record contains the trajectory geometry, per-channel displacements and headings, internal quality indicators, the estimated speed, the acquisition timestamp, and the source Sentinel-2 product identifier. The dataset is distributed as GeoPackage files, with one record per detected vehicle, and can support studies of traffic patterns, speed behavior, transport modeling, and the calibration of road network attributes at a continental scale.